Öz
İçinde bulunduğumuz bilgi çağında gelişen bilişim teknolojilerinin sunduğu imkânlar ile birlikte bilgi kaynaklarının büyük bir çoğunluğu elektronik ortama taşınmakta ve kütüphaneler de dijital kütüphanelere dönüşerek kullanıcılarına web ortamında hizmet sunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda kütüphane web siteleri bilgiye ve kütüphane hizmetlerine erişimde kullanıcılar için birincil iletişim noktası olmaktadır. Bu noktada, kaynaklara ve hizmetlere erişimde bir geçit görevi üstlenen web sitelerinin erişilebilirlik standartları doğrultusunda tasarlanmasının önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki üniversite kütüphane web sitelerinin Web İçeriği Erişilebilirlik Kılavuzu (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines [WCAG]) ilkeleri doğrultusunda incelenmesi ve erişilebilirliklerine ilişkin mevcut durumun ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Betimleme modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada Türkiye’de 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında aktif olarak eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetlerine devam eden 183 üniversitenin kütüphane web sitesi WAVE otomatik değerlendirme aracı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular; üniversite kütüphane web sitelerinin tamamında en az bir erişilebilirlik hatasının bulunduğunu (maksimum=123), en sık karşılaşılan erişilebilirlik hatasının “boş bağlantı” hatası olduğunu (n=160) ve web sitelerinin büyük bir çoğunluğunda (%93) en az bir öğede kontrast hatası olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte web sitelerinin %97’sinde, doğrudan hata olarak değerlendirilmeyen ancak erişilebilirliği olumsuz etkileyebilecek unsurların da bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, web sitelerinin erişilebilirliklerini olumsuz yönde etkileyen bir diğer unsurun da mobil uyumluluğa ilişkin tespit edilen hatalar olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın ülkemizde kütüphane web sitelerinin erişilebilirliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yapılacak planlamalara ve düzenlemelere katkı sağlayacağı ve aynı zamanda gelecekte konuya ilişkin yapılacak diğer çalışmalar için de örnek bir çalışma olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Web erişilebilirliği, Web İçeriği Erişilebilirlik Kılavuzu (WCAG), WAVE değerlendirme aracı, otomatik değerlendirme, üniversite kütüphane web sitesi
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